American Snout Butterfly - Libytheana carinenta
Family Nymphalidae (Brush-footed Butterflies) / Subfamily Libytheinae (Snouts)  / Species: Libytheana carinenta aka Libytheana bachmanii
Live adult snout butterfly photographed in the wild February 7, 2003 at San Antonio, Texas.






 
Camera location

29.564503° N, -98.453813° E

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The snout butterfly is known for its mass migrations which occur at irregular intervals when populations explode in the south and southwest. They may become so numerous as to darken the sky. One of these migrations was reported south of San Antonio in mid-September, 1996, where countless butterflies were observed flying northward.

I found this very cooperative snout at MaCallister Park in San Antonio, Texas, in February of 2003. The ambient temperature was about 65 degrees and the butterfly was slowly traveling around in a forest, mostly hiding. Its apparent torpor may have been due to the air temperature.

In late September 1921, an estimated 25 million per minute southeasterly-bound snout butterflies passed over a 250 mile front (San Marcos south to the Rio Grande River). Gable and Baker (1922) noted that this flight lasted 18 days. It may have involved more that 6 billion butterflies.

American Snouts host on various species of Hackberry (Celtis), but Spiny Hackberry (Celtis pallida) provides the fuel for the tremendous periodic population explosions across the arid southwestern United States. Spiny hackberry is one of the more common shrubs of the Tamaulipan thornscrub (or South Texas Brush Country). Other common names for this spiny hackberry include Granjeno and Desert Hackberry. Note that while other species of Celtis can host snout caterpillars, the non pallida species don't put on new leaves (which the just hatched caterpillars require) in response to significant summer rain events.
-- Mike Quinn  Texas Entomology 


Snout Butterfly basking at McAllister Park, San Antonio Texas.
The snout butterfly likes to hide by hanging upside-down underneath a twig, imitating a dead leaf. This incredible camouflage makes them nearly invisible.

Snout butterflies have prominent elongated mouthparts (labial palpi) which give the appearance of the petiole (stem) of a dead leaf. Wings are patterned on black-brown with white and orange markings. The fore wings have a distinctive squared off, hook-like (falcate) tip. Caterpillars appear humpbacked, having a small head, swollen first and second abdominal segments, and a last abdominal segment that is tapered and rounded. They are dark green with yellow stripes along the top and sides of the body, and have two black tubercles on the top of the thorax.

Butterflies have been revered by mankind since before the dawn of recorded history. They are among the most fascinating and beautiful animals; even people who care not for insects in general usually have an affection for these winged wonders. They live nearly everywhere -- from gardens and forests and mountains to acid bogs and frozen arctic tundra. Almost 700 of the world's 10 - 20,000 species live in North America north of Mexico.

   

              
 
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